Just as the human body needs bones and muscles to stand, a structure needs structural elements such as beams and columns in order to stand firmly. If these structural elements manufactured stronger and more properly the building will be more solid and smoother. In this article, we will answer the questions of what is a beam which is one of the building elements and what should be considered in beam design.
What is a beam?
The beam is defined as the building element that transfers its own weight and the loads transferred from the floor to the vertical carriers (column, bearing wall, etc.). Beams are divided into subtitles according to their support type and production methods.
Beams are one of the most damaged building elements in earthquakes. Therefore, it is important to design the beams correctly and safely. Beams are mainly designed to resist the maximum bending moment.
What are the Considerations in Beam Design?
Together with the columns, beams are one of the most damaged building elements in earthquakes. Therefore, it is important to design the beams correctly and safely. Beams are mainly designed to resist the maximum bending moment. However, if the beam length is short and if it carries large loads, the value of the internal shear force will increase, so the design should be made considering the shear force. Other points to consider in beam design are:
- It should be ensured that the beam is seated on vertical bearers at the node point.
- Care should be taken that there is no stud beam at the point of the beam close to the support.
- It should be ensured that the cross section of all beams in the same axis direction is the same. However, if a situation occurs in which the cross-section value should change, at least the continuity of the reinforcement should be provided.
- The strong column weak beam principle should be considered.
- In systems with ribbed flooring, the direction of the beams should be parallel to the long edge.
- In systems using cantilever flooring, the frame beam should be continued up to the cantilever end.
- For circular or broken beams in the plan, body reinforcement should be placed in order to prevent twisting.
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